Uterovaginal prolapse, or pelvic organ prolapse, refers to a collection of conditions that arise due to a decrease in the integrity of the vaginal support structures, leading to a herniation of surrounding organs into the vagina. Each condition is named according to the location of the origin of the prolapsed tissue: cystocele (bladder prolapse), rectocele (rectal prolapse), enterocele (bowel prolapse after hysterectomy), uterine prolapse, or complete procidentia (bladder / uterine / rectal prolapse all at the same time).

Technically, the condition could arise at any age, although it is most commonly found in postmenopausal women. Risk factors include family history of prolapse, history of vaginal delivery, increasing parity, obesity, prior hysterectomy, chronic constipation, and some connective tissue disorders.

Common complaints include noticing a bulge from the vagina, bladder or pelvic pressure, difficulty fully emptying bladder, difficulty with defecation, or need to assist defecation with vaginal pressure assistance. Prolapse can often be asymptomatic.