Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2) is a retrovirus closely related to human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). It is endemic in North, Central, and South America, with higher rates among intravenous (IV) drug users. Transmission occurs via parenteral exposure, sexual contact, childbirth, and breastfeeding.
HTLV-2 does not cause hematologic malignancies; however, like HTLV-1, it can cause HTLV-associated myelopathy (HAM), otherwise known as tropical spastic paresis, in approximately 2% of infected individuals. HAM is characterized by slow-onset weakness and spasticity in the lower extremities, hyperreflexia, back pain with urinary frequency / incontinence, paresthesias, and sensory changes. The upper limbs are spared.
HTLV-2 may also have immunomodulating effects, as it is associated with common infections of the airway (eg, bronchitis, pneumonia) as well as urinary tract infections.
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 2
Synopsis
Codes
ICD10CM:
B97.34 – Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus, type II [HTLV-II] as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
SNOMEDCT:
425740005 – Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 infection
B97.34 – Human T-cell lymphotrophic virus, type II [HTLV-II] as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
SNOMEDCT:
425740005 – Human T-lymphotropic virus 2 infection
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Last Reviewed:04/24/2019
Last Updated:05/21/2019
Last Updated:05/21/2019