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Emergency: requires immediate attention
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed
Emergency: requires immediate attention

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Contributors: Amr Salama MD, David Peritz MD, Ryan Hoefen MD, PhD
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Synopsis

Dilated cardiomyopathies (DCM) represent a range of myocardial disorders characterized by left and right ventricular dilatation and reduced myocardial contractility. Prevalence is estimated at about 36 cases per 100 000. DCM typically presents at 30-60 years of age. African Americans have an almost 3-fold increased risk for developing DCM.

DCM may have an ischemic or nonischemic etiology. Nonischemic causes include inherited muscular disease, chemotherapy (eg, anthracyclines), endocrinopathies (eg, thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma), infiltrative diseases (eg, amyloidosis), alcohol use disorder, and viral myocarditis. Genetic causes include mutations in genes encoding cardiac sarcomere and cytoskeletal proteins. Many cases are idiopathic.

Patients usually present with symptoms of heart failure including dyspnea, edema, orthopnea, and weight gain. Physical examination may reveal signs of acute left ventricular failure, such as S3 gallop, systolic murmur consistent with mitral regurgitation, pleural effusions, jugular venous distension, and/or peripheral edema.

Codes

ICD10CM:
I42.0 – Dilated cardiomyopathy

SNOMEDCT:
399020009 – Congestive cardiomyopathy

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Therapy

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References

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Last Reviewed:11/14/2017
Last Updated:01/13/2022
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Emergency: requires immediate attention
Dilated cardiomyopathy
A medical illustration showing key findings of Dilated cardiomyopathy : Fatigue, Dyspnea, Pedal edema
Imaging Studies image of Dilated cardiomyopathy - imageId=7906304. Click to open in gallery.  caption: '<span>PA chest x-ray demonstrating an enlarged heart in a patient with known cardiomyopathy.</span>'
PA chest x-ray demonstrating an enlarged heart in a patient with known cardiomyopathy.
Copyright © 2024 VisualDx®. All rights reserved.