Diabetic dermopathy, commonly known as shin spots, is the most common cutaneous finding in patients with diabetes mellitus, presenting in up to 50% of diabetic patients. The etiology of diabetic dermopathy is unclear. Previously, ischemia had been thought to be a causative factor, but studies have found that blood flow to the dermopathy lesions was actually increased compared with other surrounding areas. Trauma is thought to be a causative factor.

There is no clear variation of incidence between diabetic dermopathy in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus versus those with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. There is, however, a correlation between the presence of skin lesions and the presence of microangiopathic complications (retinal, neuropathic, and/or nephrogenic). Diabetic dermopathy appears to be a useful clinical finding for detection of these diabetic complications.

The incidence of diabetic dermopathy increases with age. It is typically seen in patients aged older than 50. Men show an increased incidence compared to women.

Although located bilaterally, the distribution of lesions is asymmetric. Lesions do not itch or cause pain. Poor long-term blood sugar control, which increases risk of diabetic microangiopathic complications, is seen in diabetic dermopathy. There is no correlation between diabetic dermopathy and obesity or hypertension.

Related topics: diabetes mellitus type 1, diabetes mellitus type 2